As part of my CORE curriculum readings for TWC (Technology and World Change), I printed this ‘Chicago Journal’ that was available to me on the school study website and the title is : ‘ The Needham Puzzle: Why the Industrial Revolution Did Not Originate in China’ and it is by Jutin Yifu Lin.
It is quite an old article, as it was dated Jan 1995.
It briefly attempts to explain why China had fell behind the West, chiefly Europe, in technology innovation and well, the reasons they gave were fairly convincing:
1. Social-political conditions in China were not conducive – unification of China and the tight control of the King on his subjects and people did not allow any innovations (read: disturbances) to disrupt the mandate to rule
2. Bureaucrats in China were selected though competitive civil service examinations – all the gifted were drawn into civil service and few in society who were intelligent enough focused on R&D.
3. Europe, with its falling aristocracy, favoured the explosion of news ideas and concepts, which eventually resulted in many new inventions and gadgets being produced.
4. War – as with any war, technology tends to improve geometrically as countries sought to conquer and defend themselves. Gunpowder led to the invention of muskets, and then to present day high-accuracy rifles, nuclear technology to annihilate but also, medical science and many more examples. Jet aeroplanes were resulted of R&D in war.
The first three points are adapted from the journal, while the last is from myself.
Well, that aside, somehow I can’t resist myself in drawing parallels between present day Singapore and the first two points. Granted, the first point is slightly harsh, but it is of no doubt that there are out-of-bounds markers in Singapore for various issues and works as well as restrictions in certain industries. Actually, the industries in Singapore are more or less well-regulated, in that sense that areas are demarcated for certain industries to be set up. Well, lack of land and closeness to residential areas are of imperative concerns but I shall not discuss those.
Second, lucrative incentives are presented to the top students in Singapore for a chance for overseas studies, in return, 6 years of their prime life to serve the country (caveat: let’s be politically correct and not use the term government). After serving your bond, you are likely to be either 28 or 30 years old respectively for females or males. Not that you cannot switch careers or jobs, but who wants to risk it? By now, you have a family and a stable income (not exactly the highest-paid, but remuneration ain’t poor for civil servants, especially once superscale salaries come into the picture).
Come to think of it, why aren’t there commercial companies, who are not GLC, offering overseas scholarships to the brightest minds in Singapore? Not that there is not any, but maybe not as well publicise? Do list any if you know of.
Previously I attended this small seminar-like session with a friend and there was this Singaporean speaker who resides in the US and is a teacher by profession. She spoke about the lack of talent in Singapore’s other sectors besides the civil service and there is a seemingly endless influx of gifted individuals into the civil service. This may have resulted in a dearth of talented resources in engineering or teaching or commerce. We have comparative advantage in good governance, but certainly lacking in entrepreneurship or research and development. Our economy is highly fluid and sooner, rather than later, the Indians and the Chinese are going to flood the market with technically-competent workforce that will result in the shift of high-tech industries to their countries. The transfer of technical skills and knowledge is so rapid that there is nothing in this world that no one cannot know.
We have the talent, but we are not generating the newest and the quirk-iest ideas that the world can catch on – are we doomed to ride the coattails of the world and maybe and eventually, be replaced?
We pride ourselves as the present day Venice equivalent, but amidst the lightning progress in today’s world, are we and can we swim against the tide of time and carved out history for ourselves?
History shall be our verdict.
